@conference {572, title = {Smarter Contracts to Predict using Deep-Learning Algorithms}, booktitle = {2022 Fourth International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)}, year = {2022}, abstract = {

Deep learning techniques can predict cognitive intelligence from large datasets involving complex computations with activation functions. However, the prediction output needs verification for trust and reliability. Moreover, these algorithms suffer from the model{\textquoteright}s provenance to keep track of model updates and developments. Blockchain smart contracts provide a trustable ledger with consensus-based decisions that assure integrity and verifiability. In addition, the immutability feature of blockchain also supports the provenance of data that can help deep learning algorithms. Nevertheless, smart contract languages cannot predict due to the absence of floating-point operations required by activation functions of neural networks. In this paper, we derive a novel method using the Taylor series expansion to compute the floating-point equivalent output for activation functions. We train the deep learning model off-chain using a standard Python programming language. Moreover, we store models and predict on-chain with blockchain smart contracts to produce a trusted forecast. Our experiment and analysis achieved an accuracy (99\%) similar to popular Keras Python library models for the MNIST dataset. Furthermore, any blockchain platform can reproduce the activation function using our derived method. Last but not least, other deep learning algorithms can reuse the mathematical model to predict on-chain.

}, doi = {10.1109/BCCA55292.2022.9922240}, author = {Badruddoja, Syed and Dantu, Ram and He, Yanyan and Thompson, Mark and Salau, Abiola and Upadhyay, Kritagya} } @article {388, title = {On the security of the Courtois-Finiasz-Sendrier signature}, year = {2018}, isbn = {23915455}, url = {https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/math.2018.16.issue-1/math-2018-0011/math-2018-0011.xml}, author = {Morozov, Kirill and Sarathi, Roy Partha and Rainer, Steinwandt and Rui, Xu} } @conference {216, title = {Smart phone monitoring of second heart sound split}, booktitle = {2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society}, year = {2014}, month = {Aug}, abstract = {

Heart Auscultation (listening to heart sounds) is the basic element of cardiac diagnosis. The interpretation of these sounds is a difficult skill to acquire. In this work we have developed an application to detect, monitor, and analyze the split in second heart sound (S2) using a smart phone. The application records the heartbeat using a stethoscope connected to the smart phone. The audio signal is converted into the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform to detect the first and second heart sounds (S1 and S2). S2 is extracted and fed into the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and then to Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) to detect the Aortic (A2) and the Pulmonic (P2) components, which are used to calculate the split in S2. With our application, users can continuously monitor their second heart sound irrespective of ages and check for a split in their hearts with a low-cost, easily available equipment.

}, keywords = {acoustic signal processing, aortic component, biomedical equipment, Biomedical monitoring, cardiac diagnosis, cardiology, continuous wavelet transform, Continuous wavelet transforms, discrete wavelet transform, discrete wavelet transforms, fast Fourier transform, fast Fourier transforms, frequency domain, Heart, heart auscultation, heartbeat recording, medical signal processing, Monitoring, patient diagnosis, patient monitoring, pulmonic component, second heart sound split, smart phone monitoring, smart phones, stethoscope}, doi = {10.1109/EMBC.2014.6944050}, author = {Thiyagaraja, Shanti and Vempati, Jagannadh and Ram Dantu and Sarma, Tom and Dantu, Siva} } @booklet {234, title = {Self-Tracking via Brain-Mobile-Cloud Interface}, year = {2013}, abstract = {

Abnormalities in the brain are one of the leading causes of disability amongst people. There is a significant delay between monitoring the onset of these disorders and their treatments. This paper presents a brain-mobile-cloud interface (BMCI) to integrate the mobile platform, cloud computing technology and existing brain monitoring systems to remotely monitor the brain signals of an individual using their electroencephalograms (EEGs) in unconventional environments. Further, we discuss the potential of our proposed framework in applications like tracking mental activities, identifying distracted driving behavior and their corresponding changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF).

}, keywords = {Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF), Electroencephalography (EEG), Mobile cloud Interface, smart phone}, url = {http://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/SSS/SSS13/paper/view/5803}, author = {Bajwa, Garima and Ram Dantu and Fazeen, Mohamed and Joseph, Rajiv} } @article {82, title = {Socio-technical Aspects of Remote Media Control for a NG9-1-1 System}, journal = {Multimedia Tools Appl.}, volume = {62}, year = {2013}, pages = {733{\textendash}759}, abstract = {

9-1-1 emergency calls mostly involve distress situations that cause people to panic while trying to answer questions or follow instructions given by a dispatcher. To obtain precious information with the least user intervention and reduced stress on the user, there is a need for the dispatcher to have a better control and understanding of the condition or situation at the other end. The increasing growth of smartphones embedded with camera, speaker phone, GPS, microphone and various other sensors, extends their usage from merely making calls to life saving gadgets during critical situations. By integrating these sensor rich smartphones and the rapidly growing VoIP technology, we propose a VoIP based Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG9-1-1) system for remote media control. Specifically, we use Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) in the implementation of the system using a mobile and a PC client. The proposed system on the mobile client accounted for less than 25\% of CPU utilization even with video transmission. The average network utilization was about 10 and 72 kbps for audio and video, respectively. With these encouraging results, we believe the proposed remote media control system will facilitate information acquisition and decision making in emergency situations.

}, keywords = {Image transmission, Media control, NG9-1-1, PSAP, Remote, SIP, Voice quality, VoIP}, issn = {1380-7501}, doi = {10.1007/s11042-011-0875-1}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-011-0875-1}, author = {Chandrasekaran, Vikram and Ram Dantu and Subbu, Kalyan} } @article {8, title = {Safe Driving Using Mobile Phones}, journal = {Trans. Intell. Transport. Sys.}, year = {2012}, abstract = {

As vehicle manufacturers continue to increase their emphasis on safety with advanced driver-assistance systems (ADASs), we propose a device that is not only already in abundance but portable enough as well to be one of the most effective multipurpose devices that are able to analyze and advise on safety conditions. Mobile smartphones today are equipped with numerous sensors that can help to aid in safety enhancements for drivers on the road. In this paper, we use the three-axis accelerometer of an Android-based smartphone to record and analyze various driver behaviors and external road conditions that could potentially be hazardous to the health of the driver, the neighboring public, and the automobile. Effective use of these data can educate a potentially dangerous driver on how to safely and efficiently operate a vehicle. With real-time analysis and auditory alerts of these factors, we can increase a driver{\textquoteright}s overall awareness to maximize safety.

}, keywords = {Accelerometer, mobile phone, road conditions, sensors, vehicle safety}, doi = {10.1109/TITS.2012.2187640}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2012.2187640}, author = {Fazeen, Mohamed and Gozick, Brandon and Ram Dantu and Bhukhiya, Moiz and Gonz{\'a}lez, Marta C.} } @article {226, title = {Security Issues in VoIP Telecommunication Networks}, journal = {Handbook on Securing Cyber-Physical Critical Infrastructure: Foundations and Challenges}, year = {2012}, pages = {763{\textendash}789}, abstract = {As VoIP telecommunication networks are becoming popular, more and more VoIP calls are being made to accomplish security critical activities, e.g., E911 services, phone banking. However, the security ramifications of using VoIP have not been fully recognized, and there exists a substantial gap in the understanding of the potential impact of VoIP exploits on the VoIP users. In this chapter, we describe the components and functionalities of non-P2P and P2P VoIP networks and discuss the potential attacks to them such as MITM, spoofing, wiretapping, pharming, etc. We also illustrate a mechanism of using small world network to improve call performance of a P2P VoIP system and evaluate it over the currently deployed OpenVoIP system.}, keywords = {P2P, Security, session initiation protocol, small world networks, telecommunications, voice over IP}, isbn = {978-0-12-415815-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-415815-3.00030-3}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124158153000303}, author = {Yang, Xiaohui and Ram Dantu and Wijesekera, Duminda} } @inbook {93, title = {Smart Phone: Predicting the Next Call}, booktitle = {Behavior Computing: Modeling, Analysis, Mining and Decision}, year = {2012}, pages = {317{\textendash}325}, publisher = {Springer London}, organization = {Springer London}, address = {London}, abstract = {

Prediction of incoming calls can be useful in many applications such as social networks, (personal, business) calendar and avoiding voice spam. Predicting incoming calls using just the context is a challenging task. We believe that this is a new area of research in context-aware ambient intelligence. In this paper, we propose a call prediction scheme and investigate prediction based on callers{\textquoteright} behavior and history. We present Holt-Winters method to predict calls from frequent and periodic callers. The Holt-Winters method shows high accuracy. Prediction and efficient scheduling of calls can improve the security, productivity and ultimately the quality of life.

}, isbn = {978-1-4471-2969-1}, doi = {10.1007/978-1-4471-2969-1_20}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2969-1_20}, author = {Zhang, Huiqi and Ram Dantu}, editor = {Cao, Longbing and Yu, Philip} } @article {282, title = {Socioscope: Human Relationship and Behavior Analysis in Social Networks}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans}, volume = {41}, year = {2011}, month = {Nov}, pages = {1122-1143}, abstract = {

In this paper, we propose a socioscope model for social-network and human-behavior analysis based on mobile-phone call-detail records. Because of the diversity and complexity of human social behavior, no one technique will detect every attribute that arises when humans engage in social behaviors. We use multiple probability and statistical methods for quantifying social groups, relationships, and communication patterns and for detecting human-behavior changes. We propose a new index to measure the level of reciprocity between users and their communication partners. This reciprocity index has application in homeland security, detection of unwanted calls (e.g., spam), telecommunication presence, and product marketing. For the validation of our results, we used real-life call logs of 81 users which contain approximately 500 000 h of data on users{\textquoteright} location, communication, and device-usage behavior collected over eight months at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) by the Reality Mining Project group. Also, call logs of 20 users collected over six months by the University of North Texas (UNT) Network Security team are used. The MIT and UNT data sets contain approximately 5000 callers. The experimental results show that our model is effective.

}, keywords = {behavioural sciences computing, Change points, communication pattern, Data models, human relationship analysis, human social behavior, human-behavior change detection, Humans, IEEE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mobile handsets, probability, Reality Mining Project group, reciprocity index, Social factors, social group, social groups, social network analysis, Social network services, social networking (online), Social networks, social relationship, social relationships, social sciences computing, socioscope, Statistical analysis, statistical method, University of North Texas}, issn = {1083-4427}, doi = {10.1109/TSMCA.2011.2113335}, author = {Zhang, Huiqi and Ram Dantu and Cangussu, Jo{\~a}o} } @inbook {77, title = {Small World VoIP}, booktitle = {Mobile Computing, Applications, and Services: Second International ICST Conference, MobiCASE 2010, Santa Clara, CA, USA, October 25-28, 2010, Revised Selected Papers}, year = {2010}, pages = {137{\textendash}155}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, abstract = {

We present the analysis and design of a Small World VoIP system (SW-VoIP) which is geared towards customers that are communicating with their Small World of social contacts. We use the term Small World to refer to the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network of a client and his contacts both incoming and outbound. We reconstruct the small world of a user by collecting calling patterns over a configurable period of time. We enable user mobility by using a stepwise social identity to an IP address binding propagation model. We propose an efficient algorithm to locate users by electing popular users and leveraging the users closeness. We also introduce a self-stabilized load balancing mechanism to optimize the system performance under heavy network traffic. We evaluate our SW-VoIP system performance by simulating the user{\textquoteright}s lookup process using real-world telephone logs. Our experimental results show that our SW-VoIP system offers a better performance in optimizing the required routing path and reducing the average lookup delay when compared to traditional, non small-world P2P VoIP systems.

}, keywords = {closeness, electing, mobility, optimize, Peer-to-peer, popular, small world, VoIP}, isbn = {978-3-642-29336-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-29336-8_8}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29336-8_8}, author = {Yang, Xiaohui and Stavrou, Angelos and Ram Dantu and Wijesekera, Duminda}, editor = {Gris, Martin and Yang, Guang} } @mastersthesis {236, title = {Socioscope: Human Relationship and Behavior Analysis in Mobile Social Networks}, year = {2010}, school = {University of North Texas}, type = {phd}, address = {Denton, TX, USA}, abstract = {

The widely used mobile phone, as well as its related technologies had opened opportunities for a complete change on how people interact and build relationship across geographic and time considerations. The convenience of instant communication by mobile phones that broke the barrier of space and time is evidently the key motivational point on why such technologies so important in people{\textquoteright}s life and daily activities. Mobile phones have become the most popular communication tools.

Mobile phone technology is apparently changing our relationship to each other in our work and lives. The impact of new technologies on people{\textquoteright}s lives in social spaces gives us the chance to rethink the possibilities of technologies in social interaction. Accordingly, mobile phones are basically changing social relations in ways that are intricate to measure with any precision.

In this dissertation I propose a socioscope model for social network, relationship and human behavior analysis based on mobile phone call detail records. Because of the diversities and complexities of human social behavior, one technique cannot detect different features of human social behaviors. Therefore I use multiple probability and statistical methods for quantifying social groups, relationships and communication patterns, for predicting social tie strengths and for detecting human behavior changes and unusual consumption events. I propose a new\ reciprocity index\ to measure the level of reciprocity between users and their communication partners. The experimental results show that this approach is effective. Among other applications, this work is useful for homeland security, detection of unwanted calls (e.g., spam), telecommunication presence, and marketing. In my future work I plan to analyze and study the social network dynamics and evolution.

}, isbn = {978-1-124-36491-9}, author = {Zhang, Huiqi and Ram Dantu} } @conference {237, title = {Socio-technical aspects of video phones}, booktitle = {2010 Second International Conference on COMmunication Systems and NETworks (COMSNETS 2010)}, year = {2010}, month = {Jan}, abstract = {

The widespread use of voice over Internet protocol has paved the way for video over Internet protocol. In the past, certain technical shortcomings have prevented the popularity of videophones in the market. With present-day technology, videophones have just about everything required for day-to-day functions. Under such circumstances, certain socio-technical aspects require attention so that videophones can become as widespread and as technically streamlined as a plain old telephone system (POTS) with its additional benefits. A frequently brushed-upon topic is optimum features in the video phone for day-to-day social interactions. We carried out several experiments on different kinds of codecs and video formats to address two issues: i) the size of a video screen and ii) perception of motion and distance. From the measurements, we observed that a small frame rate with low bandwidth is adequate and can result in satisfactory video quality. We also observed that H263 performs well for all the day-to-day social networking activities. Standing 4 feet from the camera can still give reasonably good video quality in the currently available codecs. We believe that socio-technical issues will emerge more clearly over the next several years and they are germane to deployment of PC-based soft phones as well as hard phones.

}, keywords = {Bandwidth, Cameras, Codecs, Computer science, Internet telephony, plain old telephone system, Protocols, social aspects of automation, Social factors, social interactions, social issues, Social network services, social networking activities, sociotechnical aspects, Streaming media, technical issues, video codecs, video coding, video phones, video quality, Videoconference, videophone quality, videophones, videotelephony, voice over Internet protocol}, doi = {10.1109/COMSNETS.2010.5431971}, author = {Chandrasekaran, Vikram and Dantu, Siva and Kadiyala, Priyanka and Ram Dantu and Phithakkitnukoon, Santi} } @article {228, title = {Spam Classification Based on E-Mail Path Analysis}, journal = {Pervasive Information Security and Privacy Developments: Trends and Advancements: Trends and Advancements}, year = {2010}, pages = {332}, author = {Palla, Srikanth and Ram Dantu and Cangussu, Jo{\~a}o} } @conference {76, title = {A society-integrated testbed architecture for peer-to-peer telecommunications}, booktitle = {Testbeds and Research Infrastructures for the Development of Networks Communities and Workshops, 2009. TridentCom 2009. 5th International Conference on}, year = {2009}, month = {April}, abstract = {

Exploiting and deploying telecommunication services on Internet Telephony are imperative for a large market share. However, the distributed nature of peer-to-peer (P2P) network makes services implementation very difficult. In order to meet the research goals of achieving P2P telecommunication services through the union of social and computer networks, we present a society-integrated testbed architecture for P2P voice over IP (VoIP). By introducing an architecture that exploits and entailing social structure based connection establishment, the testbed presents an organic integration of social functionalities with good portability. The testbed also serves as a flexible tool suite that can be used to run experiments and obtain timely feedback based on the performance measurements.

}, keywords = {Computer architecture, computer network, computer networks, Computer science, Feedback, file organisation, Internet telephony, network traffic, P2P voice-over-IP, Peer to peer computing, peer-to-peer computing, peer-to-peer telecommunication service, portable social DHT function, Routing protocols, Social network services, society-integrated testbed architecture, software architecture, Telecommunication services, telecommunication traffic, Testing}, doi = {10.1109/TRIDENTCOM.2009.4976215}, author = {Yang, Xiaohui and Ram Dantu and Wijesekera, Duminda} } @article {274, title = {Spam Classification Based on E-Mail Path Analysis}, journal = {International Journal of Information Security and Privacy (IJISP)}, volume = {2}, year = {2008}, month = {April}, pages = {46-69}, abstract = {

Email spam is the most effective form of online advertising. Unlike telephone marketing, email spamming does not require huge human or financial resources investment. Most existing spam filtering techniques concentrate on the emails{\^a}{\texteuro}{\texttrademark} content. However, most spammers obfuscate their emails{\^a}{\texteuro}{\texttrademark} content to circumvent content-based spam filters. An integrated solution for restricting spam emails is needed as content analyses alone might not provide a solution for filtering unsolicited emails. Here we present a new method for isolating unsolicited emails. Though spammers obfuscate their emails{\^a}{\texteuro}{\texttrademark} content, they do not have access to all the fields in the email header. Our classification method is based on the path an email traverses instead of content. Overall, our classifier produced fewer false positives when compared to current filters such as SpamAssassin. We achieved a precision of 98.65\% which compares well with the precisions achieved by SPF, DNSRBL blacklists.

}, doi = {doi:10.4018/jisp.2008040104}, url = {https://ideas.repec.org/a/igg/jisp00/v2y2008i2p46-69.html}, author = {Palla, Srikanth and Ram Dantu and Cangussu, Jo{\~a}o} } @article {10, title = {Socio-technical Defense Against Voice Spamming}, journal = {ACM Trans. Auton. Adapt. Syst.}, volume = {2}, year = {2007}, abstract = {

Voice over IP (VoIP) is a key enabling technology for migration of circuit-switched PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) architectures to packet-based networks. One problem of the present VoIP networks is filtering spam calls referred to as SPIT (Spam over Internet Telephony). Unlike spam in e-mail systems, VoIP spam calls have to be identified in real time. Many of the techniques devised for e-mail spam detection rely upon content analysis, and in the case of VoIP, it is too late to analyze the content (voice) as the user would have already attended the call. Therefore, the real challenge is to block a spam call before the telephone rings. In addition, we believe it is imperative that spam filters integrate human behavioral aspects to gauge the legitimacy of voice calls. We know that, when it comes to receiving or rejecting a voice call, people use the social meaning of trust, reputation, friendship of the calling party and their own mood. In this article, we describe a multi-stage, adaptive spam filter based on presence (location, mood, time), trust, and reputation to detect spam in voice calls. In particular, we describe a closed-loop feedback control between different stages to decide whether an incoming call is spam. We further propose formalism for voice-specific trust and reputation analysis. We base this formal model on a human intuitive behavior for detecting spam based on the called party{\textquoteright}s direct and indirect relationships with the calling party. No VoIP corpus is available for testing the detection mechanism. Therefore, for verifying the detection accuracy, we used a laboratory setup of several soft-phones, real IP phones and a commercial-grade proxy server that receives and processes incoming calls. We experimentally validated the proposed filtering mechanisms by simulating spam calls and measured the filter{\textquoteright}s accuracy by applying the trust and reputation formalism. We observed that, while the filter blocks a second spam call from a spammer calling from the same end IP host and domain, the filter needs only a maximum of three calls{\textemdash}even in the case when spammer moves to a new host and domain. Finally, we present a detailed sensitivity analysis for examining the influence of parameters such as spam volume and network size on the filter{\textquoteright}s accuracy

}, keywords = {behavior, reputation, SIP (Session Initiation Protocol), SPIT (Spam over IP Telephony), tolerance, Trust}, issn = {1556-4665}, doi = {10.1145/1216895.1216897}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1216895.1216897}, author = {Kolan, Prakash and Ram Dantu} } @article {294, title = {System and method for packet level restoration of IP traffic using overhead signaling in a fiber optic ring network}, year = {2007}, month = {01/2007}, publisher = {Alcatel SA}, address = {US}, abstract = {

An apparatus and a method for forwarding data packets through a fiber optic ring network includes forwarding data packets on a packet by packet basis. A node on the fiber optic ring network decides on a packet by packet basis whether to transmit on the working or protection path. Because this decision is being made on a packet level, reservation of throughput resources no longer is made at a one to one ratio. Rather, protection path resources are reserved at a ratio significantly less than one to one. In one embodiment, no resources are reserved for path restoration or protection path routing. Rather, quality of service provisioning is used to resolve interference situations wherein instantaneous demand exceeds capacity. A node evaluates ring conditions in relation to the demand of traffic resources and the relative quality of service ratings to determine whether and how to forward a packet. Additionally, a node decides whether to use the working or protection path by considering the final destination on the fiber optic ring network, any identified ring conditions and, in some embodiments, quality of service. The ring conditions to which the inventive nodes respond include OSI layer 1, layer 2 and layer 3 conditions.

}, keywords = {fiber, network, node, optic, ring}, issn = {US7167443B1}, url = {https://patents.google.com/patent/US7167443/en}, author = {Ram Dantu and Ester, Gary and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Pete} } @article {179, title = {Securing IMS and VoIP}, year = {2006}, month = {06/2006}, publisher = {3rd Workshop on Voice over IP Security}, address = {Berlin, Germany}, author = {Ram Dantu} } @article {180, title = {Securing voice over IP}, journal = {IEEE Network}, volume = {20}, year = {2006}, month = {Sept}, pages = {4-5}, keywords = {Authentication, Fingerprint recognition, information filtering, information filters, Information security, Internet telephony, Markup languages, Protection, Protocols, Standardization}, issn = {0890-8044}, doi = {10.1109/MNET.2006.1705876}, author = {Ram Dantu and Ghosal, Dipak and Schulzrinne, Henning} } @conference {33, title = {Securing VoIP and PSTN from integrated signaling network vulnerabilities}, booktitle = {1st IEEE Workshop on VoIP Management and Security, 2006.}, year = {2006}, abstract = {

The liberalization of public switched telephone network (PSTN) and growing acceptance of SIGTRAN protocol suite have introduced new and yet to be trusted signaling entities. Thus security threats emerging from one network not only affects itself but other network also. We show how this integrated signaling environment can become a security threat to emerging VoIP and PSTN networks. We propose a security solution as a fix. Our proposal goes beyond "Gateway Screening" and "SS7 Gatekeeper" proposed by Telcordia and Verizon respectively to defend vulnerable SS7 network.

}, keywords = {Information security, Information systems, Internet telephony, IP networks, ISDN, National security, Protocols, Routing, Signal processing, Switching circuits}, doi = {10.1109/VOIPMS.2006.1638116}, author = {Sengar, Hemant and Ram Dantu and Wijesekera, Duminda} } @article {39, title = {SS7 over IP: signaling interworking vulnerabilities}, journal = {IEEE Network}, volume = {20}, year = {2006}, month = {Nov}, pages = {32-41}, abstract = {

Public telephony - the preferred choice for two-way voice communication over a long time - has enjoyed remarkable popularity for providing acceptable voice quality with negligible connection delays, perhaps due to its circuit-switched heritage. Recently, IP telephony, a packet-based telephone service that runs as an application over the IP protocol, has been gaining popularity. To provide seamless interconnectivity between these two competing services, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has designed a signaling interface commonly referred to as SIGTRAN. This seamless intersignaling provided by SIGTRAN facilitates any subscriber in one network to reach any other subscriber in the other network, passing through any heterogeneous maze of networks consisting of either of these. Unfortunately, the same intersignaling potentially can be exploited from either side to disrupt the services provided on the other side. We show how this can be done and propose a solution based on access control, signal screening, and detecting anomalous signaling. We argue that to be effective, the latter two should consider syntactic correctness, semantic validity of the signal content, and the appropriateness of a particular signal in the context of earlier exchanged messages

}, keywords = {anomalous signaling detection, circuit-switched heritage, Delay effects, Design engineering, IETF, Integrated circuit interconnections, Internet Engineering Task Force, Internet telephony, intersignaling, IP protocol, ISDN, packet-based telephone service, Protocols, public telephony, Routing, Signal detection, signal screening, signaling interworking, SIGTRAN, SS7 over IP, Switches, telecommunication signalling, two-way voice communication, Web and internet services}, issn = {0890-8044}, doi = {10.1109/MNET.2006.273119}, author = {Sengar, Hemant and Ram Dantu and Wijesekera, Duminda and Jajodia, Sushil} } @article {297, title = {System and method for transporting in/ain signaling over an internet protocol (IP) network}, year = {2006}, month = {02/2006}, publisher = {Alcatel USA Sourcing LP}, address = {US}, keywords = {ip, link, network, sctp, signaling}, issn = {US7006433B1}, url = {https://patents.google.com/patent/US7006433B1/en?oq=US7006433}, author = {Ram Dantu and Davis, Robert and George, Thomas} } @article {181, title = {Security and Privacy issues in Radiology}, year = {2005}, month = {09/2005}, publisher = {NSF Cyber Trust PI meeting}, author = {Ram Dantu} } @conference {81, title = {Sensitivity Analysis of an Attack Containment Model}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics}, year = {2005}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, organization = {Springer-Verlag}, address = {Atlanta, GA}, abstract = {

A feedback control model has been previously proposed to regulate the number of connections at different levels of a network. This regulation is applied in the presence of a worm attack resulting in a slow down of the spreading worm allowing time to human reaction to properly eliminate the worm in the infected hosts. The feedback model constitutes of two queues, one for safe connections and another for suspected connections. The behavior of the proposed model is based on three input parameters to the model. These parameters are: (i) the portion of new connection requests to be sent to the suspect queue, (ii) the number of requests to be transferred from the suspect to the safe queue, and (iii) the time out value of the requests waiting in the suspect queue. The more we understand the effects of these parameters on the model, the better we can calibrate the model. Based on this necessity, a sensitivity analysis of the model is presented here. The analysis allows for the computation of the effects of changing parameters in the output of the model. In addition, the use of a sensitivity matrix permits the computations of not only changes in one parameter but also combined changes of these parameters. From the sensitivity analysis we have verified our assumption that the changes in the input parameters have no effect on the overall system stability. However, there will be a short period of instability before reaching a stable state.

}, isbn = {3-540-25999-6, 978-3-540-25999-2}, doi = {10.1007/11427995_11}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11427995_11}, author = {Ram Dantu and Cangussu, Jo{\~a}o and Turi, Janos} } @article {194, title = {Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 2 (MTP2) - User Peer-to-Peer Adaptation Layer (M2PA)}, year = {2005}, author = {George, Tom and Bidulock, Brian and Ram Dantu and Schwarzbauer, Hanns and Morneault, Ken} } @article {188, title = {Survey on Hospital Network Security and Privacy}, year = {2004}, month = {08/2004}, publisher = {Barco Ltd}, author = {Ram Dantu and Oosterwijk, Herman} } @article {280, title = {Signaling System 7 (SS7) Message Transfer Part 2 (MTP2) - User Adaptation Layer}, year = {2002}, url = {https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3331}, author = {Morneault, Ken and Ram Dantu and Sidebottom, Greg and Bidulock, Brian and Heitz, Jacob} } @article {299, title = {System and method for packet level distributed routing in fiber optic rings}, year = {2001}, month = {03/2001}, publisher = {Alcatel USA Sourcing LP}, abstract = {

IP user traffic is transporting over a fiber optic ring network that includes a plurality of fiber optic ring network nodes. One (108) ring is for conducting the user traffic on a working path and the other ring (110) is for conducting the same user traffic on a protection path in the event of a failure in a communication link in the first ring on a protection path. A central node (300) is coupled to a plurality of nodes (312, 316, 320) to provide forwarding tables and updates to the nodes (312, 316, 320). As a result, IP traffic may be routed through the fiber optic ring network in a manner that provides fast switching from a working path to a protection path to minimize lost data packets whenever a communication link in the working path fails. Additionally, this capability is provided without requiring each node to have full IP routing capability. The forwarding tables (308) for the protection and working paths provide for path routes and forwarding for the packets on a packet by packet basis. Accordingly, a ring may serve as both a working path and a protection path according to the origin and destination of the data packets traveling thereon. Additionally, the central node (300) is adapted to generate multiple forwarding tables (308) to accommodate packet by packet forwarding in a network created to support virtual private networks. The forwarding tables (308) also are set up to support multicast transmissions of data packets.

}, issn = {EP1083696 (A2)}, url = {https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?FT=D\&date=20010314\&DB=\&locale=en_EP\&CC=EP\&NR=1083696A2\&KC=A2\&ND=4}, author = {Ram Dantu and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Pete} }